Journal: Therapeutic Delivery

Article Title: Effective release of Eryngium maritimum L. callus extract via encapsulation in multilayered liposomes for skin delivery

doi: 10.1080/20415990.2025.2470614

Figure Lengend Snippet: Assessments of ECMF at the in vitro level. Primarily, the selection of the optimal concentration of ECMF (1%, 5% and 10%) was performed by applying (a) DPPH assay, cell viability, and PIP assay. Next, (b) gene expression related to skin barrier ( FLG) , antioxidant activity ( SOD1 ), inflammation ( COX2 ), (c) aging ( TERT ), and moisturization ( AQP3 ) was studied. Subsequently, (d-f) The effect of ECMF on skin barrier (FLG), moisturization (CD44 and AQP3), wrinkles (laminin 5, col-i, col-iii), collagen (MMP1), and elasticity (elastin) was evaluated at protein level using in vitro RSTs. The asterisks shown on each graph bar indicate significant differences. All experiments were performed at least thrice biologically and technically. ECMF: Eryngium maritimum L. callus extract filtrate, DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, C: control, CUV: control with UV irradiation, PC: positive control, SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1, COX2: cyclooxygenase-2, TERT: telomerase reverse transcriptase, FLG: filaggrin, AQP3: aquaporin 3, MMP1: matrix metalloprotease 1, col-I and Col-iii: collagen types I and III.

Article Snippet: The sections were blocked with anti-goat serum and incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies: FLG (1:100, Santa Cruz), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44; 1:100, Abcam), Aquaporin-3 (AQP3; 1:200, Abcam), Laminin 5 (1:200, Abcam), Elastin (1:100, Abcam), Collagen type I (Col-I; 1:500, Invitrogen), and Collagen type III (Col-III; 1:200, Cell signaling), and Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1; 1:200, Cell signaling).

Techniques: In Vitro, Selection, Concentration Assay, DPPH Assay, Gene Expression, Antioxidant Activity Assay, Control, Irradiation, Positive Control, Reverse Transcription

Journal: Therapeutic Delivery

Article Title: Effective release of Eryngium maritimum L. callus extract via encapsulation in multilayered liposomes for skin delivery

doi: 10.1080/20415990.2025.2470614

Figure Lengend Snippet: Visual assessment of encapsulated ECMF (cellbiome) by TEM and its application in clinical testing. (a) After encapsulation with ML, cellbiome was visualized and the number of layers in each liposome was confirmed by TEM. Each layer was calculated to have an average thickness of 1.66 nm, and most MLs containing ECMF had three layers. (b) To determine the number of particels of Cellbiome, MLs were counted using DLS. Approximately 1.56 × 10 6 particles per mL were identified. Subsequently, (c-d) before conducting clinical testing, the expression of genes contributing to the inflammatory response ( COX2 ), skin barrier ( FLG ), and moisturization ( AQP3 ) in cells was assessed by qRT-PCR using Cellbiome. (e-h) The results were observed after applying Cellbiome to the volunteers for 4 weeks. The evaluation criteria included dermal density, moisture retention, measurement of elasticity, and skin sagging, with comparisons made between pre-application and 4 weeks post-application of Cellbiome and a commercial product, as well as between the groups. TEM: transmission electron microscopy, DLS: dynamic light scattering. ECMF: Eryngium maritimum L. callus extract filtrate, ML: multilayered liposome, COX2: cyclooxygenase-2, FLG: filaggrin, AQP3: aquaporin 3.

Article Snippet: The sections were blocked with anti-goat serum and incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies: FLG (1:100, Santa Cruz), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44; 1:100, Abcam), Aquaporin-3 (AQP3; 1:200, Abcam), Laminin 5 (1:200, Abcam), Elastin (1:100, Abcam), Collagen type I (Col-I; 1:500, Invitrogen), and Collagen type III (Col-III; 1:200, Cell signaling), and Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1; 1:200, Cell signaling).

Techniques: Encapsulation, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy